Madagascar Hoopoe illustration
Birdsong field guide

Madagascar Hoopoe

Upupa marginata

The Madagascar Hoopoe is a distinctive, ground-probing insectivore endemic to Madagascar, recognized by its striking retractable crest and long, decurved bill.

What it sounds like

A deep, resonant, trisyllabic 'hoop-hoop-hoop' that is significantly lower in frequency than the African Hoopoe.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Frank Lambert · MadagascarCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the largest species in the genus Upupa and was formerly classified as a subspecies of the Eurasian Hoopoe.
  • Unlike many other hoopoe species, its vocalization is notably lower in pitch and typically trisyllabic.
  • The female possesses a specialized uropygial gland that produces a foul-smelling secretion to deter predators from the nest.
  • The bird’s signature crest is composed of cinnamon feathers with broad black tips, which it fans out during displays or upon landing.
  • They are primarily terrestrial foragers, using their specialized bills to probe soil and leaf litter for insect larvae and pupae.
Habitat
Open woodlands, dry deciduous forests, and savanna regions.
Range
Endemic to the island of Madagascar.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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