Common Hoopoe illustration
Birdsong field guide

Common Hoopoe

Upupa epops

A distinctive Afro-Eurasian bird easily recognized by its flamboyant fan-like crest and bold black-and-white striped wings. It is the sole extant member of its family, Upupidae, and is known for its specialized ground-probing foraging behavior.

What it sounds like

A soft, resonant, and trisyllabic 'hoo-poo-poo' or 'up-up-up' that carries across long distances.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Lionel FREDERIC · PortugalCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Possesses a retractable orange-buff crest tipped with black that it flares when alarmed or upon landing.
  • Females and nestlings produce a foul-smelling, antimicrobial secretion from their uropygial gland to deter predators.
  • Its long, thin, decurved bill is perfectly adapted for extracting mole crickets and beetle larvae from the soil.
  • The hoopoe is the national bird of Israel and frequently appears in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs and Persian literature.
  • They are cavity nesters that do not clean out their nests, leading to a pungent odor that provides additional defense against intruders.
Habitat
Open or semi-open landscapes including parklands, orchards, savannas, and cultivated fields with patches of bare ground.
Range
Widespread across Europe, Asia, and North Africa; northern populations migrate to the tropics for winter.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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