Great Dusky Swift illustration
Birdsong field guide

Great Dusky Swift

Cypseloides senex

A large, dark swift characterized by its square tail and silvery-frosted forehead, famous for its unique behavior of nesting behind massive waterfalls. It is a highly aerial species that spends most of its life on the wing, returning to wet rock faces only to roost or breed.

What it sounds like

A rapid, dry, and buzzy chattering consisting of repetitive 'chip-chip-chip' or 'te-te-te' notes.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Dante Buzzetti · BrazilCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is iconic for nesting on the vertical rock walls directly behind the curtain of water at Iguazu Falls.
  • The specific epithet 'senex' means 'old man' in Latin, referring to the grizzled, hoary appearance of the pale feathers on its head.
  • Unlike many other swifts, it lacks the stiffened, needle-like tail shafts used by other species to prop themselves against surfaces.
  • They are highly gregarious and are often seen in massive, swirling flocks numbering in the hundreds or thousands near their roosting sites.
  • The nest is a bracket-shaped structure composed of mud and moss, held together by the bird's sticky saliva on damp cliff faces.
Habitat
Tropical and subtropical moist lowland forests, specifically concentrated around large waterfalls and rocky river canyons.
Range
South America, primarily across central and eastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and northeast Argentina.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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