Bufflehead illustration
Birdsong field guide

Bufflehead

Bucephala albeola

The Bufflehead is North America's smallest diving duck, characterized by the male's striking white wedge-shaped head patch and iridescent plumage.

What it sounds like

Generally silent; males give a squeaky 'shree' during courtship, while females emit a hoarse 'quack' near the nest.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Nests almost exclusively in abandoned holes created by Northern Flickers.
  • The name is a corruption of 'buffalo head,' referring to the male's disproportionately large head shape.
  • Unlike most diving ducks, they can take flight directly from the water's surface without a running start.
  • They are primarily monogamous, often remaining with the same mate for several years.
  • Buffleheads spend up to half of their daylight hours underwater foraging for aquatic invertebrates.
Habitat
Wooded lakes and ponds for breeding; coastal bays, estuaries, and ice-free inland lakes during winter.
Range
Breeds in the boreal forests of Canada and Alaska; winters along both North American coasts and across the southern United States.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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