Black Redstart illustration
Birdsong field guide

Black Redstart

Phoenicurus ochruros

A small, soot-colored passerine distinguished by its constantly quivering rufous tail and successful adaptation from alpine cliffs to industrial urban environments.

What it sounds like

A short, scratchy warble that starts with rapid whistles and is interrupted by a unique, dry, gravelly rattling sound.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Astrid Cervantes · BelgiumCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is famous for colonizing 'bomb sites' in London and other European cities following World War II, utilizing ruins as artificial cliffs.
  • The species exhibits a characteristic rapid vertical shivering motion of the tail immediately upon alighting.
  • The male's song includes a highly unusual, metallic 'crackling' phase that sounds like pebbles being rattled or glass being crushed.
  • Many first-year males are 'paradryades,' meaning they retain female-like grey plumage to reduce aggression from dominant older males.
  • While primarily insectivorous, they are known to hover-glean insects from vertical surfaces and consume berries during cold winters.
Habitat
Rocky mountain slopes, scree, and increasingly industrial urban areas, power stations, and construction sites.
Range
Widespread across Europe, North Africa, and Asia, ranging from the British Isles to central China.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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