Australian Fairy Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Australian Fairy Tern

Sternula nereis

A small, delicate seabird known for its pale plumage and bright yellow bill, primarily nesting in small colonies on sandy coastal shorelines.

What it sounds like

A sharp, high-pitched, metallic 'rit-rit' or a rasping 'tche-wick'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Drew Davison · AustraliaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is globally listed as Vulnerable, with major threats including habitat loss, introduced predators, and human disturbance on nesting beaches.
  • During courtship, males perform 'fish-offering' rituals where they present small prey to females to establish pair bonds.
  • Unlike the similar Little Tern, the Fairy Tern in breeding plumage lacks a dark loral stripe (the line between the bill and the eye).
  • Nests are minimalist 'scrapes' in the sand or shell grit, often decorated with small pebbles or coral fragments for camouflage.
  • They are specialized plunge-divers that hover briefly over shallow water before diving to catch small schooling fish like hardyheads and anchovies.
Habitat
Sandy beaches, coastal dunes, estuaries, and offshore islands or coral cays.
Range
Coastal regions of southern and western Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and New Caledonia.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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