White-tailed Eagle illustration
Birdsong field guide

White-tailed Eagle

Haliaeetus albicilla

The White-tailed Eagle is a massive, broad-winged raptor and the largest eagle in Europe, recognized by its wedge-shaped white tail and heavy yellow beak. It serves as an apex predator in coastal and freshwater ecosystems across the Palearctic.

What it sounds like

A series of loud, high-pitched, yelping barks typically transcribed as 'klee-klee-klee' or 'krick-krick-krick'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Taras Vykhovanets · UkraineCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Possesses an immense wingspan reaching up to 2.4 meters, earning it the descriptive nickname 'the flying barn door'.
  • Adults develop a diagnostic white tail and a pale, yellowish head and neck only after reaching sexual maturity at five to six years.
  • Their nests, or eyries, are reused for decades and can grow to weigh over a ton as pairs add new sticks and seaweed each year.
  • Highly opportunistic, they supplement their diet of fish and waterfowl by scavenging carrion and practicing kleptoparasitism against other birds.
  • Successfully reintroduced to several regions, including Scotland and Ireland, after being driven to local extinction in the early 20th century.
Habitat
Coastal cliffs, estuaries, and large inland freshwater lakes or rivers with adjacent mature woodland.
Range
Widespread across the Palearctic, from Greenland and Northern Europe across Russia to Japan and China.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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