Spectacled Eider illustration
Birdsong field guide

Spectacled Eider

Somateria fischeri

The Spectacled Eider is a large, distinctive Arctic sea duck known for the unique circular 'spectacles' surrounding its eyes. It is a hardy species that spends much of its life in the harsh environment of the Bering Sea ice.

What it sounds like

Relatively silent; males produce soft, low-pitched cooing or croaking during courtship, while females utter guttural 'gog-gog-gog' quacks.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Frank Lambert · United StatesCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Adult males feature a striking lime-green head with large, velvet-white patches around the eyes rimmed in black.
  • The entire global population winters in concentrated flocks within polynyas—small openings in the pack ice—in the Bering Sea.
  • They are specialized benthic divers, capable of reaching depths of up to 60 meters to forage for mollusks and crustaceans.
  • The species suffered a catastrophic 96% population decline in its Alaskan breeding range between 1970 and 1992, leading to its listing as threatened.
  • Females provide extreme insulation for their eggs by lining nests with thick down plucked from their own breasts.
Habitat
Nests on coastal tundra near ponds; winters exclusively in open leads or polynyas within marine pack ice.
Range
Breeds along the coasts of northern and western Alaska and northeastern Siberia; winters in the Bering Sea.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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