Reed Bunting illustration
Birdsong field guide

Reed Bunting

Emberiza schoeniclus

A small, streaky wetland passerine characterized by the male's striking black hood and white collar during the breeding season.

What it sounds like

A repetitive, hesitant song of 3-4 metallic notes, typically described as 'zrit-zrit-zrit-tsee'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Ding Li Yong · JapanCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Males develop their jet-black breeding plumage through feather tip abrasion rather than a spring molt.
  • They are known for high rates of extra-pair paternity, with many nests containing chicks sired by neighboring males.
  • The species performs a 'broken-wing' distraction display to lure predators away from its low-slung nest.
  • While primarily insectivorous in summer, they transition almost entirely to seeds during the winter months.
  • There are approximately 15-20 recognized subspecies, with bill thickness varying significantly by regional diet.
Habitat
Reed beds, marshes, wetlands, and damp riverside scrub; occasionally farmland in winter.
Range
Widespread throughout Europe and temperate Asia, with some populations migrating to North Africa.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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