Letter-winged Kite illustration
Birdsong field guide

Letter-winged Kite

Elanus scriptus

The Letter-winged Kite is a small, pale Australian raptor uniquely distinguished as the world's only primarily nocturnal member of the Accipitridae family. It is named for the bold black 'M' or 'W' pattern visible across the underwings during flight.

What it sounds like

A loud, rasping 'kar-kar-kar' or a sharp, repetitive whistling 'chew-chew-chew'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Mike Letnic · AustraliaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the only diurnal raptor relative globally to have evolved a strictly nocturnal hunting lifestyle.
  • The species experiences dramatic 'boom and bust' population cycles linked to outbreaks of the Long-haired Rat.
  • Its eyes are larger and more forward-facing than those of its close relative, the Black-shouldered Kite, to enhance night vision.
  • They are highly gregarious and frequently nest in dense colonies, a rarity among birds of prey.
  • During extreme droughts, the species undergoes massive irruptions to coastal areas, though these populations rarely survive or establish permanently.
Habitat
Arid and semi-arid grasslands, gibber plains, and open desert woodlands, typically near ephemeral watercourses.
Range
The arid interior of Australia, primarily focused in the Lake Eyre basin and the Channel Country.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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