Black-backed Woodpecker illustration
Birdsong field guide

Black-backed Woodpecker

Picoides arcticus

A specialized medium-sized woodpecker of the north, characterized by its solid black back and strong ecological association with recently burned coniferous forests.

What it sounds like

A sharp, single, metallic 'pik' and a descending, rattling scream.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Greg Irving · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is one of only two North American woodpecker species that possesses three toes instead of the usual four.
  • The species is a fire-specialist, often colonizing burned areas within months to exploit wood-boring beetle larvae.
  • Its solid black plumage provides exceptional camouflage against charred tree trunks in its preferred post-fire habitat.
  • The three-toed foot structure allows the bird to lean further back and deliver more powerful strikes while foraging.
  • Males are distinguished by a bright yellow crown patch, which is entirely absent in females.
Habitat
Boreal and montane coniferous forests, particularly early-successional burned stands and areas with high insect mortality.
Range
Across northern North America from Alaska to Newfoundland, extending south into the Sierra Nevada, Cascades, and northern Rockies.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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