American Three-toed Woodpecker illustration
Birdsong field guide

American Three-toed Woodpecker

Picoides dorsalis

A medium-sized, hardy woodpecker of northern coniferous forests, specialized for feeding on bark-dwelling beetle larvae in disturbed landscapes.

What it sounds like

A sharp, flat 'pik' or 'chuck' note; drumming is a relatively slow, steady roll that may accelerate slightly at the end.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Richard E. Webster · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is one of only two North American woodpecker species with three toes instead of four, an adaptation thought to allow for a more powerful strike.
  • The male features a distinct yellow crown patch, whereas the female's crown is entirely black and white.
  • Unlike many woodpeckers that drill deep holes, this species primarily forages by flaking off large patches of bark to reach beetle larvae.
  • It is highly attracted to recently burned forests and areas with major bark beetle outbreaks, often arriving shortly after a disturbance.
  • They are remarkably quiet and sedentary for woodpeckers, often remaining motionless on a single tree for long periods while foraging.
Habitat
High-elevation subalpine and boreal coniferous forests, particularly those containing spruce, fir, and tamarack.
Range
Across Alaska and Canada to the Atlantic, extending south through the Rocky Mountain range into the southwestern United States.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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