Australian Tern illustration
Birdsong field guide

Australian Tern

Gelochelidon macrotarsa

A robust, thick-billed tern formerly treated as a subspecies of the Gull-billed Tern, unique for its preference for terrestrial hunting over plunge-diving. It is characterized by its heavy black bill and significantly longer legs compared to its marine relatives.

What it sounds like

A harsh, nasal, and rasping 'kay-weck' or 'ka-hark', more reminiscent of a gull than a typical tern.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. James Lambert · AustraliaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It was recently recognized as a distinct species from the Afro-Eurasian Gull-billed Tern based on size and plumage differences.
  • Unlike most terns, it rarely dives for fish, preferring to hawk insects or snatch lizards and frogs from the ground.
  • The species name 'macrotarsa' highlights its unusually long tarsus (legs), which aid in walking across mudflats and grasslands.
  • Breeding is often nomadic and opportunistic, occurring in large colonies on islands within temporary inland salt lakes after heavy rains.
  • During the non-breeding season, it exhibits a white crown with a distinctive dark mask through the eye.
Habitat
Inland wetlands, grasslands, floodplains, and coastal estuaries.
Range
Widespread across mainland Australia and occasionally found in southern New Guinea.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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