African Skimmer illustration
Birdsong field guide

African Skimmer

Rynchops flavirostris

A specialized waterbird distinctive for its elongated lower mandible used to hunt by skimming the water's surface. It is the only member of the skimmer family native to the African continent.

What it sounds like

A sharp, metallic 'kik-kik-kik' or a series of harsh, high-pitched 'kip' barks.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Phil Gregory · UgandaCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • The lower mandible is significantly longer than the upper, allowing the bird to snap its beak shut instantly upon tactile contact with fish.
  • It is primarily crepuscular and nocturnal, using its highly sensitive bill to hunt when water surfaces are calmest.
  • Nesting occurs in simple scrapes on open sandbanks, which makes colonies highly vulnerable to fluctuating water levels and human disturbance.
  • Unique among birds, skimmers have vertical slit pupils that help protect their eyes from the intense glare of sand and water.
  • Chicks are born with mandibles of equal length, and the characteristic elongated lower bill only develops after they fledge.
Habitat
Large perennial rivers with expansive sandbanks, freshwater lakes, and occasionally coastal lagoons.
Range
Sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Senegal and Ethiopia south to the northern regions of South Africa.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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