Swallow-tailed Gull illustration
Birdsong field guide

Swallow-tailed Gull

Creagrus furcatus

The Swallow-tailed Gull is a unique, nocturnal seabird distinguished by its deeply forked tail and large, dark eyes specialized for night foraging.

What it sounds like

A loud, rapid 'rattle-and-whistle' consisting of mechanical clicking followed by a high-pitched scream.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Jacob Guachisaca Salínas · EcuadorCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the world's only fully nocturnal gull, hunting primarily at night to avoid competition and kleptoparasitism from frigatebirds.
  • The species possesses a tapetum lucidum, a reflective layer behind the retina that enhances vision in low-light conditions.
  • Its diet consists mainly of squid and bioluminescent fish that vertically migrate to the ocean surface after sunset.
  • To help mates locate them in the dark, adults have white tips on their bills and specialized white plumage patches that reflect moonlight.
  • Unlike most gulls that lay multiple eggs, this species typically lays a single egg on rocky cliff ledges to focus parental care.
Habitat
Steep volcanic cliffs and rocky shorelines for nesting; open pelagic waters for foraging.
Range
Breeds almost exclusively in the Galápagos Islands and Malpelo Island; ranges along the Pacific coast from Ecuador to Chile.
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