Steller's Eider illustration
Birdsong field guide

Steller's Eider

Polysticta stelleri

The Steller's Eider is the smallest and fastest-flying member of the eider family, characterized by its unique plumage and synchronized social foraging.

What it sounds like

Mostly silent; males produce low-pitched, rhythmic growls and soft, melodic 'wa-hooo' croons during courtship.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Andrew Spencer · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the sole member of the genus Polysticta, representing a distinct lineage separate from the 'typical' eiders of the genus Somateria.
  • Foraging flocks exhibit remarkable coordination, often diving and resurfacing in near-perfect synchrony.
  • The breeding male features a signature 'lipstick' spot—a small, circular black patch—on its tawny-cinnamon flanks.
  • Unlike larger eiders that require a running start, the Steller's Eider can take flight directly from the water's surface with high agility.
  • The species is currently listed as Vulnerable due to a significant decline in the Alaskan breeding population and habitat sensitivity.
Habitat
Freshwater tundra ponds and coastal lagoons during breeding; shallow, rocky marine coastlines and bays during winter.
Range
Arctic coasts of Siberia and Alaska; winters primarily in the Bering Sea, the Aleutian Islands, and the northern Baltic Sea.
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