Rufous-fronted Parakeet illustration
Birdsong field guide

Rufous-fronted Parakeet

Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons

A small, high-altitude parrot endemic to the Central Andes of Colombia, distinguished by its dull green plumage and namesake reddish forehead patch. It is one of the most range-restricted and specialized psittacines in South America, living primarily in alpine ecosystems.

What it sounds like

Rapid, high-pitched, and slightly scratchy 'zeet-zeet' or 'chre-chre' notes, usually emitted in flight.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Hans Matheve · ColombiaCC BY-NC-NDXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is strictly endemic to a small section of the Central Andes in Colombia, particularly around Los Nevados National Park.
  • The species is a high-altitude specialist, typically found at elevations between 3,200 and 4,000 meters above sea level.
  • Its diet is highly specialized toward seeds of high-altitude grasses and shrubs, including the flowers of the frailejón (Espeletia).
  • It is currently classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN due to its extremely small global range and habitat loss from cattle grazing.
  • Unlike many lowland parrots, they often nest in crevices on rocky cliffs or within dense mats of epiphytes in elfin forests.
Habitat
High-altitude páramo, sub-páramo, and elfin forest edges.
Range
Central Andes of Colombia (Tolima, Risaralda, Quindío, and Caldas).

Similar & commonly confused birds

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