Poo-uli illustration
Birdsong field guide

Poo-uli

Melamprosops phaeosoma

The Poʻo-uli was a stocky, short-tailed Hawaiian honeycreeper characterized by a distinctive black facial mask and a specialized diet of land snails. Discovered only in 1973, it is now considered extinct following the death of the last known individual in 2004.

What it sounds like

A simple, repetitive series of sharp, high-pitched 'chick' or 'chit' notes.

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Field notes

  • It was the sole member of the genus Melamprosops, representing a unique evolutionary lineage among Hawaiian honeycreepers.
  • Unlike most of its relatives, its diet consisted largely of native land snails (Achatinellidae), which it foraged from the undersides of leaves.
  • The species was first discovered by university students on the slopes of Haleakalā, making it one of the last bird species identified in the United States.
  • Genetic analysis suggests it was one of the most 'primitive' honeycreepers, diverging early from the main Hawaiian nectar-feeding lineage.
  • Despite intensive conservation efforts, including a final attempt at captive breeding, the species succumbed to habitat loss and avian malaria.
Habitat
High-elevation, extremely wet montane rainforests dominated by ʻōhiʻa lehua and olapa trees.
Range
Endemic to the windward (northeastern) slopes of the Haleakalā volcano on Maui, Hawaii.
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