Common Poorwill illustration
Birdsong field guide

Common Poorwill

Phalaenoptilus nuttallii

The Common Poorwill is a small, nocturnal nightjar famous for being the only bird species known to enter a state of true hibernation for weeks or months at a time.

What it sounds like

A repetitive, whistled 'poor-will' or 'poor-will-low,' typically heard at dusk, dawn, or during moonlit nights.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Gregory Askew · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It can lower its body temperature to as low as 40°F and reduce oxygen consumption by more than 90% during torpor.
  • The Hopi people named it 'hölchoko,' which translates to 'The Sleeping One,' long before Western science documented its hibernation.
  • It is the smallest nightjar in North America, distinguished by its short tail and exceptionally cryptic, leaf-like plumage.
  • Unlike most other goatsuckers, it often hunts by sallying upward from a seated position on the ground rather than flying continuously.
  • Nesting occurs directly on the ground, usually on bare soil or gravel, with no nesting materials used to protect the two eggs.
Habitat
Dry, open landscapes including desert scrub, rocky canyons, and pinyon-juniper or ponderosa pine forests.
Range
Western North America, extending from southern British Columbia through the western United States into central Mexico.
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