Black-legged Kittiwake illustration
Birdsong field guide

Black-legged Kittiwake

Rissa tridactyla

A medium-sized, pelagic gull characterized by its 'ink-dipped' black wingtips and specialized cliff-nesting behavior. It is the most numerous gull species in the world and spends most of its life at sea.

What it sounds like

A shrill, rhythmic, three-syllable cry that sounds like its name: 'kitti-wayke, kitti-waak'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Christian Bøggild · DenmarkCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Its scientific name, Rissa tridactyla, refers to its vestigial or absent hind toe, a unique trait among gulls.
  • Unlike most gulls, it is strictly marine and does not scavenge at inland landfills or urban areas.
  • Nests are built on precariously narrow cliff ledges, cemented to the rock using a mixture of mud, seaweed, and guano.
  • Kittiwake chicks are uniquely adapted to cliff life; they remain sedentary and face the rock wall to avoid falling.
  • During the winter, these birds are almost entirely pelagic, often staying in the middle of the North Atlantic or North Pacific.
Habitat
Oceanic waters and steep coastal cliffs or offshore rock stacks.
Range
Northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans, ranging from the High Arctic to temperate waters.

Similar & commonly confused birds

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