Black-and-white Warbler illustration
Birdsong field guide

Black-and-white Warbler

Mniotilta varia

A small, boldly striped wood-warbler characterized by its unique nuthatch-like behavior of creeping along tree trunks and branches.

What it sounds like

A repetitive, high-pitched, thin 'wee-see, wee-see, wee-see' resembling a squeaky wagon wheel.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
0:00 / 2:22
Rec. Valerie Heemstra · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • It is the sole member of the genus Mniotilta, distinguished by its specialized foraging mechanics.
  • Equipped with an unusually long hind toe and claw, it can climb vertically and hang from bark crevices.
  • Unlike most arboreal warblers, this species typically constructs its cup-shaped nest on the forest floor.
  • Its diet consists primarily of bark-dwelling insects, including weevils, ants, and various larvae.
  • It is one of the earliest migratory wood-warblers to return to its breeding grounds in the spring.
Habitat
Deciduous and mixed-coniferous forests, often favoring mature woodlands with dense canopies.
Range
Breeds across central and eastern North America; winters in the southern US, Caribbean, and Central/South America.
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