Akiapolaau illustration
Birdsong field guide

Akiapolaau

Hemignathus wilsoni

The Akiapolaau is a remarkable Hawaiian honeycreeper famous for its specialized, asymmetrical bill used to occupy the ecological niche typically filled by woodpeckers. It is an endangered specialist found only in high-elevation native forests on the Big Island.

What it sounds like

A loud, complex warble of clear whistles and trills; the common call is a sharp, rising 'piti-wheet'.

Reference call, compare with what you heard
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Rec. Brooks Rownd · United StatesCC BY-NC-SAXeno-canto

Field notes

  • Possesses a unique 'heterobill' featuring a long, decurved upper mandible for probing and a short, straight lower mandible for hammering wood.
  • It is the only avian species in Hawaii that forages by tapping and drilling into bark to extract wood-boring beetle larvae.
  • Juveniles undergo an exceptionally long dependency period, often staying with parents for several months to master complex foraging techniques.
  • The species is highly dependent on old-growth Koa (Acacia koa) trees for its primary foraging substrate.
  • To avoid avian malaria carried by mosquitoes, its remaining populations are restricted to cool, high-elevation refugia above 1,500 meters.
Habitat
High-elevation montane mesic and wet forests, specifically Koa and Ohi'a woodlands.
Range
Endemic to the island of Hawai'i (Big Island).

Similar & commonly confused birds

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